Abstract: WSNs are used research area due to their several application domains. The presentation of WSNs depends on the topology of sensors and their ability to adapt to changes in the network. Sensor nodes are often resource constrained by their limited power, communication distance capacity is low, and restricted sensing capability. Therefore, they need to co-operate with each other to achieve a specific task. [1] [3] Thus, clustering enables sensor nodes to communicate through the cluster head node for constant communication process. In this paper, we introduce a dynamic cluster head election technique. Every node in the cluster calculates its residual energy value to determine its candidacy to become the Cluster Head Node (CHN). [1] With this mechanism, each sensor node estimates its residual energy level to other nodes in the same cluster. Depending on the residual energy level the sensor node acts as the second cluster head. Evaluation of the dynamic CHN election mechanism is shown using network simulator-2 (ns2) . The simulation results show that the proposed approach prolongs the network lifetime and balancing the energy consumption model among the nodes of the cluster. [2]

Keywords: Cluster head, Coverage, Redundant Node, Energy, Lifetime.